Another feature of the United States which just gets no attention at all it seem to me and it is so important is that American interaction with Asia is different than many other countries interaction in foreign affairs. Many other countries depends on the government to do various things, American doesn’t. American historically has been interacting with Asia for decades on a non governmental basis and what do I mean? I’m talking about business, I’m talking about the media, I’m talking about interest groups, I’m talking about foundations, I’m talking about religious organizations, religious groups and [IB] Georgetown University and all of these kinds of exchanges, we just have these things all the time and so the words of relationship the US has with Asia are enormous and [IB] and added to this ladies and gentlemen is the fact that in 1965, the United States changed its 100 years abomination of integration policy for Asians. Grossly discrimination against Asia at that point. It opened about, it became color blind and millions of Asians came to America.

Now we think that this might be the Promised Land right? Anybody who’s been an immigrant now it isn’t the Promised Land, you work your tail off, it’s a miserable life and you will be very lucky if you can make get you ahead in this country. But many people do it, they come here, they do it, they become established and they become main stream in the so called lousing school system of the States, takes these people and the kids and makes them main stream, very good point. And so the upshot is that America has millions of these people from Asia in the United States who have become Americans and they have important relationship at home, it’s a very powerful force of the United, only Canada has this to a higher degree than United States. And so, and then the final thing that gives the United States strength in Asia and gives the Chinese in [IB] in Asia is that the Asia’s full of the independent minded governments and these governments are focused on power dynamics and these power dynamics is described by the rise of China as we are talking and they know that this is good for them and many respects they want to collaborate and they like [IB] insurance but they don’t know what China will do when it gets more powerful, they are weary and so what do they do? They hedge their bags, what they do, they build up their military sometimes, sometimes they build up regional organizations to deal with these things but one of the things that I must always do even in the worst periods of the US relationship with these governments is that they come to the Americans quietly and they say, they don’t even look at them sometimes when they say stay here, stay close, interact with us, don’t go away because we don’t know what China is going to do.

And so the [up side] of this is that is very beneficial for the United States so some of you may have been surprised about the military exercise that took place between Vietnam and the United States in the last month, this is emblematic, this trend is all over the region so at the end of the day what do I see? I see China encumbered, encumbered by its legacy in the region. Encumbered by all these independent minded governments that want to maintain their independence in the region and encumbered by the fact that United States is prepared to be the leader of Asia by far and continuing in his capacity under way the [IB] China just pursing its own interest and so when you look at this dynamic you see helping China be the leader of Asia. I find it very difficult to see this. I hope I’m not being [optimistic] about this but I think its hard to see it and so people get swept up with projections and so forth, I’m giving you some things that are more tangible to look at. Things that perhaps can help you to understand whether or not China is emerging as the leading part of Asia and whether or not the United States is in decline and [IB] this in. The key thing I’m watching is will China undertake risk cost and commitment did you know that China receives large amounts of foreign assistance? Did you know this? China has $2.5 trillion in foreign exchange [IB] and receive $1.5 billion a month from the World Bank every year. $1.35 billion from the Asian Development Bank every year.

And there are 24 UN agencies active in China. They’ve recently renewed all their programs for five years. This includes the UN development program [IB] programs are very active in China. Every large developed country has an aid program with China. China uses the Kyoto Protocol to the [enste-green] to get capacity free from developed countries on technology involving green industries because those governments get points under the current protocol for doing this and so it’s very beneficial and the World Bank gives loans to help the Chinese do this type of thing. And so when you look at it, all the Chinese willing to do risk course and commitment? Well, a country in Asia that’s closest to China comes from the world is closest to China is Pakistan. Pakistan has been Chinas close friend since the early 60’s. Pakistan had a devastating flood enormous problem. And the UN had a big donors conference, this is what the Chinese do emblematic of this. And so they gave I guess it was a billion dollars that the world gave to the place specific you what China pledged? $10 billion. And so you are looking at, so if this hasn’t changed I don’t see how China is going to be the leader of Asia to see what I mean and to be the leader of the world because it’s always going to come, it’s going to come. I’ve been waiting for this for 10 years and we are going to do it? They don’t and I understand. Its not that they are selfish in particularly unusual way, they have a narrow sense of their interest most governments deal with Asia, this is very common in the region, very few have a broader sense of willing to do things for the broader regional and common group. The Americans for some weird reason do. It’s not because Americans love Asia but this is because they have the sense it’s in their interest, to do this kind of thing. So I guess I have said enough and thank you for listening and I welcome any comments you might have.